Male mating success in the Omei treefrog (Rhacophorus omeimontis): the influence of body size and age
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2011.150Keywords:
sexual selection, age, body size, Rhacophorus omeimontisAbstract
In anuran mate choice, advantaged males are generally known to be larger or older individuals. To test whether male mating success in the foam-nesting treefrog Rhacophorus omeimontis, a species distributed in western China, correlated with body size and age, we analysed differences in body size and age among three types of males. Males were classified as mated, joining or unmated at the time of sampling with joining males being additional males joining pairs in amplexus. Our results showed that there were no significant differences in body size among the three types of males. However, age was an important factor, with mated males being significantly older than joining and unmated males, which indicated that older individuals tended to have greater mating success than younger frogs.References
Andersson M (1994). Sexual selection. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Andersson M & Simmons LW (2006). Sexual selection and mate choice. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 21:296-302.
Bell MBV (2010). Sex and age influence responses to changes in the cost of cooperative care in a social carnivore. Behavioral Ecology, 21:1118-1123.
Byrne PG & Roberts JD (1999). Simultaneous mating with multiple males reduces fertilization success in the myobatrachid frog Crinia georgiana. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 266:717-721.
Byrne PG & Whiting MJ (2008). Simultaneous polyandry increases fertilization success in an African foam-nesting treefrog. Animal Behaviour, 76:1157-1164.
Caughley G (1977). Analysis of Vertebrate Populations. New York, John Wiley.
Darwin C (1871). The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. John Murray, London, UK.
Eggert C & Guyétant R (2003). Reproductive behaviour of spadefoot toads (Pelobates fuscus): daily sex ratios and males’ tactics, ages, and physical condition. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 81:46-51.
Esteban M, Paris MG & Castanrt J (1996). Use of bone histology in estimating the age of frogs (Rana perezi) from a warm temperate climate area. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 74:1914-1921.
Felton A, Alford RA, Felton AM & Schwarzkopf L (2006). Multiple mate choice criteria and the importance of age for male mating success in the microhylid frog, Cophixalus ornatus. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology, 59:786-795.
Fukuyama K (1991). Spawning behaviour and male mating tactics of a foam-nesting treefrog, Rhacophorus schlegelii (Rhacophoridae, Amphibia). Animal Behaviour, 42:193-199.
Gerhardt HC (1994). The evolution of vocalization in frogs and toads. Annual Review in Ecology and Systematics, 25:293-324.
Gerhardt HC & Huber F (2002). Acoustic Communication in Insects and Anurans. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Guarino FM, Anderson F & Angelini F (1998). Growth and longevity by skeletochronological analysis in Mantidactylus microtympanum, a rainforest anuran from southern Madagascar. Copeia, 1998:194-198.
Halliday TR (1983). The study of mate choice. In: Bateson P (ed) Mate Choice. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: pp.3-32.
Halliday TR & Verrell PA (1988). Body size and age in amphibians and reptiles. Journal of Herpetology, 22:253-265.
Harrison F, Barta, Z, Cuthill I & Székely T (2009). How is sexual conflict over parental care resolved? A meta-analysis. Journal of Evolutio-nary Biology, 22:1800-1812.
Höglund J & Säterberg L (1989). Sexual selection in common toads: correlates with age and body size. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2:267-272.
Hosken DJ & Stockley P (2004). Sexual selection and genital evolution. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 19:87-93.
Howard RD (1978). The evolution of mating strategies in bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana. Evolution, 32:850-871.
Howard RD (1984). Alternative mating behaviours of young male bullfrogs. American Zoologist, 24:397-406.
Hunt J, Breuker CJ, Sadowski JA & Moore AJ (2009). Male–male competition, female mate choice and their interaction: determining total sexual selection. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 22:13-26.
Jennions MD, Backwell PRY & Passmore NI (1992). Breeding behaviour of the African frog, Chiromantis xerampelina: multiple spawning and polyandry. Animal Behaviour, 44:1091-1100.
Khonsue W, Matsui M & Misawa Y (2000). Age determination by skeletochronology of Ratza nigrovittata, a frog from tropical forest of Thailand. Zoological Science, 17:253-257.
Kusano T, Toda M & Fukuyama K (1991). Testes size and breeding systems in Japanese anurans with special reference to large testes size in the treefrog Rhacophorus arboreus (Amphibia, Rhacophoridae). Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology, 29:27-31.
Kyriakopoulou-Sklavounoua P, Stylianou P & Tsiora A (2008). A skeletochronological study of age, growth and longevity in a population of the frog Rana ridibunda from southern Europe. Zoology, 111:30-36.
Lee JC & Crump ML (1981). Morphological correlates of male mating success in Triprion petasatus and Hyla marmorata. Oecologia, 50:153-157.
Liao WB (2009). Elevational variation in the life-history of anurans in a subtropical montane forest of Sichuan region, southwestern China. Ph.D. thesis. Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Liao WB & Lu X (2009a). Male mate choice in the Andrew’s toad Bufo andrewsi: a preference for larger females. Journal of Ethology, 27:413-417.
Liao WB & Lu X (2009b). Sex recognition by male Andrew’s toad Bufo andrewsi in a subtropical montane region. Behavioural Processes, 82:100-103.
Liao WB & Lu X (2010a). Age and growth of a subtropical high-altitude torrent frog Amolops mantzorum in western China. Journal of Herpetology, 44:72-76.
Liao WB & Lu X (2010b). A skeletochronlogical estimation of age and body size by the Sichuan torrent frog (Amolops mantzorum) between two populations at different altitudes. Animal Biology, 60:479-489.
Liao WB & Lu X (2010c). Age structure and body size of the Chuanxi Tree Frog Hyla annectans chuanxiensis from two different elevations in Sichuan (China). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 248:255-263.
Liao WB & Lu X (2010d). Breeding behaviour of the Omei tree frog Rhacophorus omeimontis (Anura: Rachophoridae) in a subtropical montane region. Journal of Natural History, 44:2929-2940.
Liao WB & Lu X (2011a). Variation in body size, age and growth in the Omei Treefrog (Rhacophorus omeimontis) along an altitudinal gradient in western China. Ethology Ecology & Evolution, 23:248-261.
Liao WB & Lu X (2011b). Adult body size = f (initial size + growth rate × age): explaining the proximate cause of Bergman’s cline in a toad along altitudinal gradients. Evolutionary Ecology, in press, DOI:10.1007/s10682-011-9501-y.
Liao WB & Lu X (2011c). Proximate mechanisms leading to large male-mating advantage in the Andrew’s toad, Bufo andrewsi. Behaviour, 148:1087-1102
Liao WB, Zhou CQ, Yang ZS, Hu JC & Lu X (2010). Age, size and growth in two populations of the dark-spotted frog Rana nigromaculata at different altitudes in southwestern China. Herpetological Journal, 20:77-82.
Liu CZ & Hu SQ (1961). The Tailless Amphibians of China. Science Press, Beijing.
Okko H & Jennions MD (2008). Parental investment, sexual selection and sex ratios. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 21:919-948.
Plath M, Rohde M, Schröder T, Taebel-Hellwig A & Schlupp I (2006). Female mating preferences in blind cave tetras Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae, Teleostei). Behaviour, 143:15-32.
Poschadel JR, Rudolph A & Plath M (2007). Nonvisual mate choice in the Pyrenean mountain newt (Euproctus asper): females prefer small males. Acta Ethological, 10:35-40.
Prokop ZM, Stuglik M, Zabinska I & Radwan J (2007). Male age, mating probability, and progeny fitness in the bulb mite. Behaviour Ecology, 18:597-601.
Rafael M, Jaime B & Xavier E (2010) Intensity of female preference for call source level in midwife toads Alytes cisternasii and A. obstetricans. Behaviour, 147:1185-1199.
Rozenblut B & Ogielska M (2005). Development and growth of long bones in European water frogs (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae), with remarks on age determination. Journal of Morphology, 265:304-317.
Somashekar K & Krishna MS (2011). Evidence of female preference for older males in Drosophila bipectinata. Zoological Studies, 50:1-15.
Trivers R (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. In: Campbell B (ed), Sexual selection and the descent of man 1871-1971. Aldine, Chicago.
Welch AM, Semlitsch RD & Gerhardt HC (1998). Call duration as an indicator of genetic quality in male gray tree frogs. Science, 280:1928-1930.
West-Eberhard MJ (1979). Sexual selection, social competition, and evolution. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 123:222-234.
Wilbur HM, Rubenstein DI & Fairchild L (1978). Sexual selection in toads: the roles of female choice and male body size. Evolution, 32:264-270.
Zahavi A & Zahavi A (1997). The Handicap Principle: A Missing Piece of Darwin’s Puzzle, New York: Oxford University Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Wen Bo Liao, Xin Lu
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All published papers will be put on-line as high resolution PDF’s. Copyright thus remains with the authors. All manuscripts will be licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.